📘 Chandigarh University – MCA/BCA/B.Tech
These Mid-Semester papers are part of the official examinations of Chandigarh University,
designed to test knowledge and practical understanding of core MCA, Computer Applications, and B.Tech subjects.
💡 Each paper encourages students to think critically, apply concepts, and showcase problem-solving skills — helping them prepare for real-world IT challenges.
Usage Condition:
- 📖 Papers are for reference and study purposes only.
- 🧑🎓 Students should use them responsibly and not for any malpractice.
- 📅 Availability depends on the course and year.
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Instructions:
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The question paper is consisting of three sections.
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It is compulsory for students to attempt all questions of Section A and Section B.
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Question no. 10 & 11 of Section C are compulsory to be attempted.
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Students to attempt any one question from question no. 12 & question no. 13 of Section C.
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Database Management System
Subject Code: 24CSH-204 / 24ITH-204
Semester: 3 | Time: 3 Hours | Max Marks: 60
Section -A
| Q. No | Statement | CO Mapping | BT Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Explain DML and DDL | CO2 | 1 |
| 2 | What is De-normalization? | CO3 | 2 |
| 3 | What is Package body and Package Specialization? | CO5 | 2 |
| 4 | Examine the role of granularity in locking mechanisms, and evaluate how choosing different levels of granularity can optimize transaction management in high-concurrency scenarios. | CO4 | 1 |
| 5 | Evaluate the role of transaction logs in the recovery process and examine how their management can be optimized for high-availability systems. | CO4 | 2 |
Section B (4 × 5 = 20 marks)
| Q. No | Statement | CO Mapping | BT Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | Explain Three Level ANSI–SPARC Architecture. | CO1 | 2 |
| 7 | Given a relation R (A, B, C, D, E, F) with the following functional dependencies: A → BC, CD → E, B → F. Is the relation in BCNF? If not, decompose it into BCNF relations. | CO3 | 3 |
| 8 | What is the importance of checkpointing in database recovery mechanisms? Analyze how checkpointing improves recovery time and reduces the overall impact of database failures on performance. Discuss the trade-offs involved in implementing checkpoints in real-world systems. | CO4 | 3 |
| 9 | Analyze the role of different transaction isolation levels — Read Uncommitted, Read Committed, Repeatable Read, and Serializable — in ensuring data consistency during concurrent transactions. Explain how each level impacts performance and discuss potential anomalies like phantom reads and non-repeatable reads. | CO4 | 3 |
Section C (3 × 10 = 30 marks)
| Q. No | Statement | CO Mapping | BT Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10 | Construct an Entity–Relationship (ER) model for a real-world system such as a hospital, university, or e-commerce platform. Critically evaluate your design by justifying the selection of entities, relationships, and constraints. Assess how well your model addresses data integrity, minimizes redundancy, and supports future scalability. | CO1 | 4 |
| 11 | Write a program in PL/SQL to show the uses of implicit cursor without using any attribute. | CO3 | 5 |
Optional Question of Section C
| Q. No | Statement | CO Mapping | BT Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | Develop a comprehensive database recovery strategy for a large-scale e-commerce platform that processes high volumes of transactions. Your strategy should address system failures, network interruptions, and power outages. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of various recovery techniques such as log-based recovery, shadow paging, and write-ahead logging. Justify how your proposed solution ensures minimal downtime and maintains data consistency. | CO4 | 5 |
| OR | |||
| 13 | Write a PL/SQL package that contains a function to calculate the bonus amount for employees based on their salary and years of service. | CO4 | 5 |
